Francis Bacon
Modern Term → Bacon's Own Word

Glossary

Every modern analytical term this course uses is a translation of something Bacon named or argued himself. Some are near-exact matches; others are genuine extensions of his idea into territory he never wrote about directly. Both are labeled honestly below.

Week 6 — Populist Engineering
Idols of the Market-place

Novum Organum, Book I, Aphorism XLIII

This is the one week where the modern course term and Bacon's own coinage are nearly identical.

Week 12 — Timing of Leverage
"Fortune is like the market"

"Of Delays," Essays

A near-direct match between the modern label and Bacon's own claim.

Week 4 — Network / Unseen Forces
"The knowledge of causes, and secret motions of things"

New Atlantis

Close to a direct match — Bacon is literally describing hidden causal networks and the value of mapping them.

Week 9 — Architecture of Deterrence / Surveillance State
No coined term — observation about instruments of reach

"Printing, gunpowder, and the mariner's needle..." — Novum Organum, Book I

The widest gap in this glossary. Bacon is talking about technologies of reach in general, not surveillance specifically. The course's application is a genuine extension of the idea, not a restatement of it.
Week 10 — Multi-Agent Stress Test / Hegelian Dialectic
Not Bacon's — Hegel postdates him by roughly two centuries

Important to be explicit with students: the dialectical framework itself is not Bacon's. His own contribution is the observation about permanent pressure without rest.

Week 13 — Mercy as Political Utility
"Wild justice" (applied to revenge, by contrast)

"Of Revenge," Essays

Bacon names revenge, not mercy — his argument for mercy is made by contrast, not through a direct positive claim about mercy itself.

Week 14 — Institutionalization
"Nature cannot be ordered about, except by obeying her"

Novum Organum, Book I, Aphorism CXXIX

Bacon's claim about the natural sciences, applied by the course to institutions and governance — a strong analogy, not a direct statement about politics.

Course-Wide — The Idols of the Mind
Idols of the Tribe, Cave, Market-place, Theatre

Novum Organum, Book I, Aphorisms XLI–XLIV

Tribe = errors general to human nature, the frame for the whole mob subplot. Cave = an individual's own bias, used in Week 3. Market-place = language/discourse errors, used in Week 6. Theatre = inherited dogma — not assigned to a week currently, but a natural fit for Week 11's ceremony discussion.

Course-Wide — "Knowledge Itself Is Power"
"Ipsa scientia potestas est"

Meditationes Sacrae, 1597

Not used as a specific week's aphorism here — it's the foundational claim underneath the entire K-12 Bacon program.